Gun Control Keeping Guns Out of the Wrong Hands Essay

People have questioned gun control long time. Many people wonder if anyone, aside from those who join the law force, should be allowed to carry guns. Benjamin Franklin once said, â€Å"Those who can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety† (Wright 4). Franklin understood that taking guns away from law-abiding citizens would not uphold their liberty. Some people who argue for gun control state many violent crimes involve guns. Others believe a child could find the gun and something bad could happen to the child or others when a gun is unsafely stored. People who argue against gun control might say there is a huge psychological gap between citizens who shoot to protect themselves or their†¦show more content†¦While the right for individuals to own guns themselves may have increased the total number of violent crimes, the overall number did not increase much. Gun control has not helped limit people from shooting to kill or to hurt others. It has also not helped people with non-homicidal violent crime rates. Criminals do not keep the rules and the majority of Americans are not helped by these laws. Accidents are another reason some people use to argue for the necessity of gun control. However, more accidental shootings are from guns which are unsafely stored in the home, than from intentional shooting of another person. According to the article, â€Å"Home is Where the Gun is† in the magazine New Scientist, â€Å"The level of gun crime in the US has been falling†¦but firearms injuries involving children are not necessarily the result of criminal activity†¦37 per cent of the children recorded†¦were hurt unintentionally. ‘These injuries likely could have been prevented with more careful firearm storage within the home†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬  (1). The number of accidental shootings could be reduced by careful firearm storage within a home. People who own guns would benefit from knowing good ways to protect their family members from accessing guns. They would then be able to protect themselves and their children from any potential dangers before officers of the law would need to intervene. Education and careful gun storage would prevent many accidental shootings and would also prevent theftShow MoreRelatedGuns Are A Common Weapon842 Words   |  4 Pagesanyone. Guns are a common weapon that just about everyone owns. Guns are being used not only to assure safety to Americans, but also in way that make people afraid to leave their homes. People in today’s society use guns to end the lives of others as well as themselves. Nowadays, gun related violence is always appearing in the news and because of this, I think there should be a higher criteria for those who are allowed to have guns. In today’s world, gang members can get their hands on a gun, withRead MoreEssay on Gun Control1399 Words   |  6 PagesGun control Is the way the government regulates guns safe? â€Å"In the first seven years of the Iraq war, 4,400 soldiers were killed. Almost as many civilians are killed with guns in the U.S every month,† (Ruben, Alan). It nearly sounds impossible how 2,555 days of war amounts to 30 days of a living environment in America. Guns should only be able to be purchased in stores and not locally because they cannot be given to irresponsible or dangerous people, easier to enforce background checks, and thisRead MoreReducing Gun Violence Essay1563 Words   |  7 Pageswhether to require the start of reducing gun violence. Guns have always been a part of American culture, even before we became the America we know today. In colonial times and the days of the Wild West, guns were an essential part of survival. They were needed to kill animals for food and to protect against unwanted trespassers and predators. However, in these modern times, because we have conveniences such as Hannaford and organiz ed police systems, guns have gone from tools of necessity to noveltyRead MoreGun Violence And The United States Essay1269 Words   |  6 PagesGun Violence in the United States For many years there has been a growing controversy between two sides. The side that wants to take away our right to have firearms and those that want to keep our rights in place. Because of this, gun violence in the US varies from state to state, depending on current gun laws in each individual state. States with the toughest gun laws are the states with the highest crime rates because of a victim inability to protect themselves. One must also remember that CriminalsRead MoreGun Control And The United States983 Words   |  4 PagesGun Control In the United States, gun control laws are one of the most controversial debates currently. Regularly, there are arguments and outbreaks caused by this topic. Some people believe that gun laws should not be as strict as they are, while others believe that gun laws need to be more strict. A popular argument against more strict gun laws is that guns don’t kill people, people kill people (prospect.org). As this argument is valid, I strongly disagree with it. It is true that a gun can’tRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1542 Words   |  7 PagesGun control refers to the regulation of the manufacture, selling, owning or use of guns or firearms. That has been a very controversial debate, with one side saying that there should be no gun control at all because it leads to crime and accidents, while on the other hand, other people claim that one should be allowed to own a gun if they can afford, for their safety. There have been various incidents of accidents, and others have ev en led to death. However, the debate remains the same. TheRead MoreGun Control Will Not Reduce Crime Essay1532 Words   |  7 PagesIn Just Take Away Their Guns, author James Q. Wilson argues that Legal restraints on the lawful purchase of guns will have little effect on the illegal use of guns (Wilson 63). Wilson points out that it would be tough to remove all legally purchased guns from the streets and nearly impossible to confiscate illegally purchased guns. Gun advocate J. Warren Cassidy argues that The American people have a right to keep and bear arms. This right is protected by the Second Amendment to the ConstitutionRead MoreGun Violence On The United States1418 Words   |  6 PagesAmericans were victims of gun-related deaths in 2011 and an average of 268 citizens are shot every day†. Thousands of children and women are the victim of gun violence. Gun violence in the United States is increasing as each year passes by. Most of the time, poor people or low class people are the victim of gun violence. In the United States, by the law, a license is required to have a gun, but law informant agencies are failing to do that. Some people are carrying guns without a license, and useRead MoreStricter Mandatory Gun Control Laws884 Words   |  4 PagesTo make America safer we need to be stricter on gun control laws. Although some people prefer less strict, because they feel like it limits their rights. Legislators need to update the background check system, enforce mandatory courses and safety training. Gun control has become one of the biggest topics in the USA over the years, some are in favor of stricter gun control laws and others are against. Moreover guns are the cause of the majority of the crimes in the US, and stricter laws should beRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws1407 Words   |  6 Pagesin its path. There is no exact definition of mass shootings, but most sources believe it is when four or more people are shot in one location. Citizens in America are easily able to obtain a gun and the growing issue is whether this should change and stronger laws in place. Although citizens believe gun control laws take away second amendment and right to protect themselves, mass shootings are increasing yearly and action needs to happen to prevent the next attack. America’s at a high

Fewer Choices, Greater Profits Retail Corporations And

Fewer Choices, Greater Profits: Retail Corporations and the Driving Out of Small Business Prior to the 20th century, the American economy was fueled by manufacturing; production was vital in the advancement of the nation. Retailers were generally small-scale, specialized niches, located within the largest cities throughout the United States. A change in how one would typically consume occurred during the 1870’s with the rise of A.T. Stewart’s Marble Palace, one of the nation’s largest stores in New York at the time. Featuring four stories of Tuckahoe marble, the Marble Palace would be an innovation that would change consumption in the United States forever. Stewart paved the way for competing retailers in that he understood the idea of†¦show more content†¦Sachs issued bonds in the sum of $2 million, allowing Siegel to receive enough financing to purchase real estate in the Manhattan area. The store would open at six stories high, feature a giant greenhouse, roof-garden restaurant, and a two-hundred-foot tower. Many firms would soon follow t his business model as retailers such as Marshall Field’s, Carson, Pirie, and Macy’s received financing from investment banks to expand their department stores within their respected local markets. These department stores would now house a variety of goods, such as a yard goods, ready-made clothing, pianos, monkeys, lions, among other products. By 1910, Macy’s was conducting the largest domestic rug business in the country at Thirty-Fourth Street and Seventh Avenue in Manhattan, and Wanamaker’s in Philadelphia had the â€Å"finest bookstore in the United States,† soon to be surpassed by Marshall Fields of Chicago, which would exceed in volume and sales any other such business â€Å"in the world.† With the help of investment banks, Sear Roebuck and Company would receive millions of dollars in financing from the distribution of equity, allowing them to have enough capital necessary to expand. This period of rapid expansion caused by the finan cing of investment banks led to the emergence of modern merchandizing, which began to overshadow the traditional, small retailer who could not compete with the affordable prices of the retailShow MoreRelatedCorporate Fraud, Greed, Corruption, And Ethics1598 Words   |  7 PagesMay 1985 InterNorth acquire Houston Natural Gas for $2.4 billion. Houston Natural Gas was originally formed in the 1920s from the Houston Oil Co., providing gas to Houston retail customers.1 According to the Texas State Historical Association, Houston Natural Gas had assets of $3.7 billion, sales of over $2 billion, and profits of $123 million.1 The two companies would be known as HNG/InterNorth and would be headquartered in Nebraska with Segnar as chairman and CEO. In 1986, Segnar retired and KennethRead MoreGlobalization Has Destroyed the Middle Class Essay2251 Words   |  10 Pagesobservations whose regular common denominator is the determination of a profound transformation of the traditional nation-st ate† (Von Bogdandy 2). Globalization is connecting different people from different cultures and backgrounds together. More and more corporations are entering new foreign markets to sell their products to the native populations. But at the same time globalization is negatively hurting people and countries. Globalization is hurting workers and small countries. Workers are forced to work forRead MoreAnalysis of the Commercial Property Industry in Zambia Using Michael Porters Five Forces Model1849 Words   |  8 PagesUNIVERSITY OF LUSAKA SCHOOL OF BUSINESS Business Environment (RE140) Assignment #:1 Student Name: Marleen Nakubiana Muttendango Computer No: BRE1621005 Required: Use Michael Porter’s Five Forces model to analyse any Industry of your choice in Zambia Due date: 20th September 2012 Lecturer: Mrs Mutere 1 CONTENTS PAGE 1.0. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 3 2.0. OVERVIEW ...................Read MoreCase Study : The Cato Corporation4823 Words   |  20 PagesThis term paper is about the Cato Corporation. In the paper will review the history of the company, identify its direct competitors, and describe its mission statement, general strategy, target markets, product mix, and positioning. The strengths and weaknesses of the Cato Corporation will be discussed in detail. I have researched the company’s financial reports. There will be a financial analysis of the company comparing its present to past two years’ performance and to the performance of its majorRead MoreThe Structure of American Film Industry Essay2262 Words   |  10 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;After the paramount decree the Big Five studios , Twentieth century fox, MGM, Paramount, Warner Bros and RKO, were forced to sell off their theatre chains. The biggest problem the studios faced was that â€Å"the theatres had contributed more to profits than either production of distribution- production, of course, can only become a profitable activity as a result of distribution and exhibition† (pg7 Hillier J , 1992, The New Hollywood). Changes had to be made in order to make distribution of productionsRead MoreThe Main Changes That the Paramount Decree Effected on the Structure of the American Film Industry and the Measures the Ex-Studios Took to Remain in Control of th e Film Market2265 Words   |  10 Pagesmarket. After the paramount decree the Big Five studios , Twentieth century fox, MGM, Paramount, Warner Bros and RKO, were forced to sell off their theatre chains. The biggest problem the studios faced was that the theatres had contributed more to profits than either production of distribution- production, of course, can only become a profitable activity as a result of distribution and exhibition (pg7 Hillier J , 1992, The New Hollywood). Changes had to be made in order to make distribution of productionsRead MoreThe Trend Of Industrial Growth And Business Expansion3187 Words   |  13 Pagesinclude the demand and supply, competition and so on. The retail industry of United Kingdom is the growth and profitability driver for the country since it has been operating in the market. Emphasizing on the retail industry of UK, the competition is too high and the market competition impacts by the various environment and behavioural trends of the general public. According to Parliment.UK, (2014) in the year 2012, the wholesale and retail trade provide 16% of monetary productivity and 16% of servicesRead MoreT-Mobile: Job Role and Organizational Structure1962 Words   |  8 Pagesresponsible for recruiting, leading, motivating and developing your team to maximise profit. You will also be expected to maintain the highest merchandising standards, provide exceptional customer service, and ensure effective cost reduction and profit protection procedures are in place. 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The Applying Problems and Resolving to Implement Sustainable Tourism Free Essays

The applying problems and the resolving to implement sustainable tourism In this day and age, tourism is one of the largest industries, with an increasing number of tourists all around the world. Because of this, there are many impacts on humankind, with both positive and negative sides. Hence, the sustainable tourism, which is the concept of visiting an area as a tourist and trying to make a balance of the social, culture, economic and especially environmental dimensions, is gained in importance. We will write a custom essay sample on The Applying Problems and Resolving to Implement Sustainable Tourism or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, Frey George (2010) describe that this concept seems to play a significant role in tourism field, but only few of tourism businesses are participating in. This essay will examine the reasons and some possible suggestions. It will first explain the overall of the definition of the sustainable tourism. Then the focus moves onto the factors applying the unsuccessfully sustainability in practice and some specific examples. Next, some feasible measures will be provided. Finally, it draws a conclusion on the limited in the concept of sustainable tourism. There are a few definitions of sustainability within the context of tourism, including ecotourism, green travel, environmentally and culturally responsible tourism, fair trade and ethical travel. To most people, sustainable tourism, that is the most important way to success in sustainability, is still not widely understood despite the remarkable growth of the sustainable tourism industry; therefore, Frey George (2010) has defined the overall meaning and concept of sustainable tourism in their article that is a part of sustainable development, which is the most valuable of economic, social, natural and cultural resources by management, protection, and conservation, and still maintains its unique as long as possible for sustainable development that could create the better experience for responsible visitors. By definition, such the sustainable tourism should reach its objective, but it is not because there are other difficulties. First of all, the main reason that leads to the failure of sustainable tourism is the administration and management with involving organizations, including both policy and operational levels such as the authority of tourism and the local community organization. These government agencies are the majority of the sustainable development; however, in recently years, the development always operates by each individual organization especially in developing countries. The challenge to the sustainable tourism development in Turkey is the best example to illustrate this reason. Tosun (2001) shows the conflict between the central and the local government. The former has concerned about the overall development by supports and promotions of the sustainable tourism in order to enchance the better economy. Nevertheless, the latter has their own policies solving the local specifically problems in each area, so they do not want to follow the centralization. As a result of this agrument, the sustainabiliy has to face with the failure. All of above, you can see the important of the collaboration. Subsequently, shifting in carring capacity is not balancing to demands of visitors. The government support the tourism development but supplied are not enough to provided. The best example is the tourism development in Gambia, Thompson, O’Hare, Evans (1995) find that the Gambia government has encouraged the tourism development because they recognize the charming climate and the beautiful landscape that is attractive for a large number of tourists; eventhough, the resources, such as accommodations, facilities, and natural resources, are limited. Consequently, the tourism has been growing in leaps and bounds in a short time, so the management, including economy, natural resources, administration and investment, facilities development, education, and training, is proposed. By doing this, the spread of drug abuse, enhanced crime rates, increases in prostitution, and the spread of sexually transmittes diseases are some of the following social problems; as a result of the failure in the development of sustainable tourism (ibid). The scarcity of resources is one of the key problem to develop the sustainable tourism. Another major reason that needs to be taken into account is a cooperation of people in each community with government policies. These people are playing roles that relate to the sustainable touriam in many forms, such as the ownership and supplier of goods and services. The importance of these people might be mechanism in the development of the sustainable tourism. If these people do not cooperate, the development would delay or interrupt. As Ioannides’ (1995) argues in his article about a flawed implementation of the ustainable tourism in Akamas, Cyprus, in this area, the government requires to turn the mass tourism into ecotourism, which is base on the national park area, because of a lack of accommodations and facilities. By the way, the local people do not agree with this policy so the government offers the other alternative tourism such as argotourism. The farmers and agriculturists feel that is unfair to them anymore so they still do not give the cooperation. All of abov e, there is not only the reasonable government policies, but also consisting the collaboration of the local people. Despite the reasons as mentioned above, some possible sugguestions for sustainable tourism development are also given. One of the most possible way is a collaboration and a integrated tourism plan by balancing the economic, social, and natural resources in the vary progress towards the sustainable tourism, and a analysis how the plan can do in practice (Kernel, 2005). By doing this, the situation could be improved. An another useful suggestion woud be the evaluation about the ability to support the sufficient demands of visitors or limite the number of travellers to visit the country (Fortuny, Soler, Canovas, Sanchez, 2008). Consequently, the result would allow the balance of the demand and supply suitable for tourism. The further measure to solve this problem is the cooperation of people based at level of individual investment rather than the tourism sector may be effective in more cooperation between the government, local citizens, and tourists (Garrod Fyall, 1998). Lastly, creating networks and sharing the information and/or guidelines between the countries facing the same crisis can be useful for each other(Kernel, 2005). If all of these sugguestions were implemented, the sustainable tourism could be successful and optimized as long as possible. From the aforementioned problems and solutions of the sustainable tourism, it can be concluded that the most important point is the understanding about the concept of sustainable tourism. Although, there are some factors, such as the lack of resources, the conflict betweeen the central and local government, and the cooperate from the local people, that make the concept unpracticed as it could. On the other hand, the issues about development and promotion of the sustainable tourism are about the parcticability in real life. If the government and the local people who own the tourism areas had cooperated and shared ideas with multilateral together basing to the goal of the development, and encourage people to wisely consume the resources, it could be an effective way to the sustainability. There are not only the responsibility of the people in each country, but also including the tourists from another country because the sustainable tourism development relies on the cooperating people and the resources. References Garrod, B. and Fyall, A. (1998), Beyond the Rhetoric of Sustainable Tourism? , Tourism Management Vol. 19, No. 3, 199-212 Thompson, C. , O’Hare, G. and Evens, K. (1995), Tourism in the Gambia: Problems and Proposals, Tourism Management Vol. 16, No. 8, 571-581 Tosun, C. (2001), Challenges Of Sustainable Tourism Development in the Developing World: The Case of Turkey, Tourism Management 22, 289-303 Ioannides, D. (1995), A Flawed Implementation of Sustainable Tourism: The Experience of Akamas, Cyprus, Tourism Management Vol. 16, No. , 583-592 Fortuny, M. , Soler, R. , Canovas, C. and Sanchez, A. (2007), Technical Approach for a Sustainable Tourism Development: Case Study in the Balearic Islands, Journal of Cleaner Production 16, 860-869 Frey, N. and George, R. (2010), Responsible Tourism Management: The Missing Link between Business Owners’ Attitudes and Behaviour in the Cape Town Tourism Industry, Tourism Management 31, 621–628 Kernel, P. (2005), Creatin g and Implementing a Model for Sustainable Development in Tourism Enterprises, Journal of Cleaner Production 13, 151–164 How to cite The Applying Problems and Resolving to Implement Sustainable Tourism, Papers

Foundations Studies in Gernotology

Question: Discuss about the Foundations Studies in Gernotology. Answer: Introduction As a part of research on understanding different perspectives of ageing, in this exercise I made a small attempt by comparing the perspectives of three people belonging different age group regarding ageing and its effect. These three people were (myself as researcher and participant, 10-years younger Sam and 10 years older Mary) were interviewed with questions on ageing to understand their perspective about what is ageing and their personal knowledge about life in old age. Sam is my neighbour aged 20 years and Mrs. Mary is 40 years old lady working as a colleague in my fathers office. She is also a good friend of my father. The interview sessions conducted were face-to-face to examine their perceptions about ageing and experience. Brief summary of three perspectives As per studies of Villar (2012), ageing perspectives may vary from people to people belonging different ages, colour, cast, creed, profession etc. The ageing perspective can be negative, neutral or positive with respect to factors affecting perspectives. This concept was completely justified in this interview exercise. The three people in interview session completely share three different perspectives about ageing. As per Sam being a 20-year aged young adult, old age is a burden highlighting a negative perception. Sam develops this perception by his own personal experience from old age people living around him. As per his perception, old age is a stage of dependency, illness and crisis, which is always unhappy and miserable. Sam experience about people living around him makes him assume that his old age will also be similar. Lloyd-Sherlock et al. (2012) indicated that the negative perception about old age is always stronger in young adult because of their lacking experience and respo nsibilities in life. Further, I hold a neutral perception about ageing because of knowledge and experience. As per my viewpoint, old age is a mixture of negative and positive experience where people are old when they themselves consider their age as old. Old age is the time to enjoy peace but simultaneously it is the time of dependency and crisis. As I am a student of gerontology, the knowledge and experience about ageing help to develop this mixed perception. Further, Miss. Mary being a mature adult attains a positive perception about old age because she is known to the responsibilities and experience of being an adult. As per Mary, old age is a peaceful stage to enjoy once own self. However, Mary also highlights that old age accompany certain financial and physical dependency but if individual plans a secure future then surely old age is an enjoyable stage of life. Analysing the interview data Villar (2012) studied that public perception about ageing and its experience varies from person to person depending on factors like age, social status, religion, cast, colour and much more. The negative perception about old age is common in children and adolescence. As per research, children of UK, US and China share negative attitudes towards old age whereas 70% adult consider old age as warm, kind, motherly and sincere stage of life. Similar, fact was justified in the interview session above where Sam (young adult) having no experience of life considered ageing as a darker phase of life whereas in contrast, Mary being mature adult consider old age as a peaceful stage of life. However, Caspersen et al. (2012) opine that most of the people try to rate old age as positive from some dimensions of life whereas negative on other dimensions. Therefore as a whole old age is just like any other stage of life holding its own pros and cons. Similarly, as per experience from this interview ses sion, perceptions about old age vary from people to people depending on factors affecting its perception. The Young Old (e.g., 60s70s) The young old age is considered the best phase of ageing where people usually enjoy the changes from adulthood. Makai et al. (2014) considered young old age as the healthy ageing phase where the health and social status of people support a change in lifestyle. People generally get retired in this age having social involvement and financial stability. Further, 50% of young old people have good nutritional intake, body and mind balance allowing a healthy lifestyle. Gine-Garriga et al. (2014) performed a research on psychological factors affecting healthy ageing among 171 participants between age 60 to 80 years. As per research findings, healthy ageing is affected by health status, self-esteem and cognitive stability that was more in people between 60 to 70 compared to older once. The Healthy Old (e.g., 80s90s) The healthy old between age group 80 to 90 years has a physically, mentally and socially stable life. However, the percentage of healthy old people is very less globally because health risk life senses impairment, cardiovascular arrest, diabetes and depression is very prominent in this age between 80 to 90 years (Birren et al. 2014). Further, Makai et al. (2014) studied about health factors that are prominent in healthy old people yet do not affect their health and longevity. These factors are appetite loss, decreasing taste, lacking nutrition absorption, menopause, prostate issues and nutritional imbalance. Further, social factors affecting healthy old age are financial issues, lacking mobility and social isolation. Frail Older People in the community The health factors related to frail older people in the community involve risk to cardiovascular arrest, musculoskeletal disabilities, sensory impairment, incontinence, reproductive breakdown and psychological disturbance. Makai et al. (2014) studied that frail old people lack normal ADLs (activities of daily living) having a dependency on other that creates social isolation and psychological depression. Gine-Garriga et al. (2014) studied that bad health affects the quality of life in ageing that leads to frail old people having disturbed social and mental state. Older People in long-term residential care The old age people living in long-term residential care generally suffer social isolation due to rejection from their family and society. Gine-Garriga et al. (2014) indicated that 50% of old age living in residential care develop health defects like depression, sensory impairment, disability, anxiety and other health issues due to disturbed state of mind. The old people living in residential care generally face issues like financial and physical dependency. De Rezende et al. (2014) indicated that they are most vulnerable to abnormal psychological ageing. As per data of 2011-2012, 8,357,100 old age people are living in residential care in Australia. Older Aboriginal People Makai et al. (2014) studied that social conditions of aboriginal people are the reason that harnesses the old aboriginal quality of life. The poor socio-economic background, lack of education, social isolation, lacking medical facilities and economic instability affects the health of older aboriginal people facing issues like health problems and financial crisis in old age. According to Gine-Garriga et al. (2014), the possible risk factors related to old aboriginal people are trauma, grief, physical health problems, violence, substance abuse, social disadvantage and cultural discrimination. Older People from different cultural backgrounds The older people having different cultural backgrounds are generally affected by their religious beliefs, values and perceptions that can be positive or negative for their health depending on situations. For example- some religions not allowing animal protein can become a hurdle in the treatment process of many serious diseases. Some cultures even consider medicine as a restriction due to chemical activities involved in the body. Further, Makai et al. (2014) indicated that some native Australian cultures avoid the use of contemporary medical services and treatment leading to ill health outcomes. References Birren, J. E., Lubben, J. E., Rowe, J. C., Deutchman, D. E. (Eds.). (2014).The concept and measurement of quality of life in the frail elderly. Academic Press. De Rezende, L. F. M., Rey-Lpez, J. P., Matsudo, V. K. R., do Carmo Luiz, O. (2014). Sedentary behavior and health outcomes among older adults: a systematic review.BMC public health,14(1), 333. Gine-Garriga, M., Roqu-Fguls, M., Coll-Planas, L., Sitj-Rabert, M., Salv, A. (2014). Physical exercise interventions for improving performance-based measures of physical function in community-dwelling, frail older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation,95(4), 753-769. Makai, P., Brouwer, W. B., Koopmanschap, M. A., Stolk, E. A., Nieboer, A. P. (2014). Quality of life instruments for economic evaluations in health and social care for older people: a systematic review.Social Science Medicine,102, 83-93. Caspersen, C. J., Thomas, G. D., Boseman, L. A., Beckles, G. L., Albright, A. L. (2012). Ageing, diabetes, and the public health system in the United States.American journal of public health,102(8), 1482-1497. Lloyd-Sherlock, P., McKee, M., Ebrahim, S., Gorman, M., Greengross, S., Prince, M., ... Ferrucci, L. (2012). Population ageing and health.The Lancet,379(9823), 1295-1296. Villar, F. (2012). Successful ageing and development: The contribution of generativity in older age.Ageing and Society,32(07), 1087-1105.

Become Good at Writing a Five-Paragraph Essay

Become Good at Writing a Five-Paragraph Essay How to Write a Five-Paragraph Essay A five-paragraph essay is considered to be one of the most common writing assignments at schools and colleges. In most cases, teachers provide students with a writing prompt. It is a good formula that gives students the opportunity to develop a topic in the sufficient depth and length. But don`t panic if you are unsure whether you can meet some five-paragraph essay requirements. Just search for essay writing reviews in the Internet to find the custom writing service where you could get the professional assistance. But now let`s learn how to write a five-paragraph essay on the example of such essay topic: Today’s food travels thousands of miles before it reaches customers. Is this a positive or negative trend?   Introduction It is very important to write an effective essay introduction because in this part you reveal the main idea of your paper, provide relevant background information, guide readers and try to grab their attention. You have to open your essay in an engaging way to generate interest in your specific topic. There are many useful strategies for writing introductions that can help you do it successfully. You can ask a question, present a problem, use a startling statistics, address your readers directly or even tell an anecdote. But there are some things you should avoid in your introductory paragraph. Don`t use overworn expressions, don`t apologize and don`t be too obvious.   Example: Nowadays, we do not rely exceptionally on the locally grown food anymore because we have a wonderful opportunity to buy produce from all over the world. While this trend has some obvious advantages to consumers, I would argue that overall transporting food over long distances has some negative sides. The first body paragraph This part of your essay should be dedicated to the most powerful argument. Introduce what your paragraph will be about with a topic sentence. Then introduce your supporting details. Clarify the information you provided with your examples and explain its significance to the argument of your essay. Don`t forget to set up the transition to the next paragraph.    Example: The strongest argument against importing food is environmental. According to some studies, transport and the use of fossil fuels is one of the leading causes of global warming and climate change. This means that if we want to lead a greener lifestyle, we should do our best to minimize transportation. The second body paragraph The second paragraph usually contains the weakest point. Write a topic sentence, explain your argument and present your argument to support it. Make sure that every sentence relates directly to the main idea of the whole paragraph.    Example: Another point that needs to be considered is the impact of transporting food on local farmers and traditional ways of life. Farmers are unable to compete in price with the supermarkets that import cheap and not always high-quality products from other countries. It also has the negative impact on traditional communities that rely on those farms for employment and trade. The third body paragraph Follow the same pattern as the first and second body paragraphs. Don`t forget to include these essential elements: a topic sentence, evidence, explanation, and a concluding sentence.   Example: A further consideration is that food that has travelled across the world is not as healthy as locally grown produce. The simple point is that the further food travels, the less fresh it will be. Therefore, it would be preferable if supermarkets did not transport food from abroad.    Conclusion Your main task in the concluding paragraph is to repeat your argument in the light of everything you have analyzed. You have to make a strong final impression on your audience, stress the importance of your thesis statement and give the essay a sense of completeness.   Example: In conclusion, I believe that the trend for transporting food over long distances is undesirable because it is environmentally unfriendly, threatens local communities and results in less healthy options for consumers. A few examples of five-paragraph essay topics: Should nuclear weapons be outlawed worldwide? Are atheists less moral than theists are? Can online dating replace meeting a person in real life? Does the media create unrealistic expectations of relationships and marriage? Is it okay for parents to monitor teens` Internet use? What effect did human curiosity in relation to our place? Is there too much pressure on teenagers to go to college?

Some Essential Concepts in the Analysis of Cohesion Essay Example

Some Essential Concepts in the Analysis of Cohesion Essay Example Some Essential Concepts in the Analysis of Cohesion Essay Some Essential Concepts in the Analysis of Cohesion Essay Some Essential Concepts in the Analysis of Cohesion A Note on Texture In Hallidays grammar, the analysis of cohesion is closely related to the analysis of theme-rheme and given-new, as all these features are connected to thetextual metafunction of language. Theme-rheme and given-new combine in the grammar of English to form what Halliday calls the structural component ofTEXTURE, which is defined as the property of being a text. The other component of TEXTURE is the cohesive, which is the non-structural component. The concept of TEXTURE should hus consist of the following features: (A) the structural component of texture 1 thematic structure: Theme Rheme (Chapter 3) 2 information structure and focus (Chapter 8) (B) the cohesive (non-structural) component of texture 1 reference 2 ellipsis and substitution 3 conjunction 4 lexical cohesion A Prior Note on Coherence Cohesion must be distinguished from COHERENCE. A cohesive text may not necessarily be coherent to the reader, and a text which is coherent to someone may be lacking in certain crucial cohesive elements. A text is cohesive according to the anguage it is written or spoken in, and it is coherent to the individual reader or hearer. Cohesion is thus dependent on the resources of a particular language, whereas relevant psychological and other variable extra-linguistic factors are needed for the realization of coherence. A physics text-book for example, may be written using all the necessary cohesive devices of the language, but it may not be coherent to someone who does not have the necessary background knowledge (which is needed for the realization of coherence) even if he has a very good command of the language. One problem that you may face when doing stylistic analysis, is the fact that your available linguistic concepts do not adequately deal with connections between sentences. The various rela tionships between the primary and secondary clauses discussed in the lectures on clause com plexing may be applicable to the analysis of more than one clause, but only if they exist within the boundaries of a single sentence. The analysis of theme-rheme in a passage, when combined with the concepts of given and new, can help you to examine the relationships between sen tences, but your analysis in this direction may not be as ulti-sided as you may have wished. In order to provide you with the tools for a more complete analysis, you have to turn to Halli days analysis of cohe sion. Hallidays Approach to Cohesion Cohesion in English, in Hallidays view, is achieved by any of the four ways below: 1) REFERENCE 3) CONJUNCTION 4) LEXICAL COHESION Referential Cohesion Halliday defines REFERENCE as a participant or circumstantial element introduced at one place in the text, which is either taken as a reference point for something that follows, or as a basis for comparison. There are three ways by which referential ohesion can be realised: 1) Through Personal Pronouns Personal pronouns may be DETERMINATIVE: Number Gender singular: he, him, she, her feminine she, her plural they, them masculine he, him neuter it, they, them or POSSESSIVE: singular: his, her, hers, its feminine: her, hers plural: their, theirs masculine: his neuter: its, their, theirs 2) Through Demonstratives Demonstratives can be SPECIFIC or NON-SPECIFIC: SPECIFIC NON-SPECIFIC near: this/these this/these here (now) no clear indication of nearness or remoteness it, the remote: that/those that/those there (then) 3) Through Comparatives General Identity Similarity Difference same as, equal to, identical to, identically, Just as, as, etc. similar to, similarly, additional to, additionally, such as, likewise, etc. other than, different from/than/to, otherwise, else, differently, etc. Particular more than, bigger than, better than, greater, more so, fewer than, fewer, less than, further than, so, so as, as much as Analysis of Referential Cohesion Some Important Terms In referential cohesion, one is not only interested on whether these items exist in the text, but also on whether they refer forward or backward to items within the text r outside the text, or whether it is self-referential or its reference is understood, given the contexts. a) Anaphora or Cataphora Backwards or Forwards A personal pronoun, demonstrative or comparative that refers to an item whose more detailed or precise description Is given earlier in the text: ANAPHORA Is given later in the text: CATAPHORA (b) Endophora or Exophora Inside or Outside If a personal pronoun, demonstrative or comparative refers to an item whose more detailed or precise description Is given within the text: ENDOPHORA Is given outside the text: EXOPHORA (c) Homophora You may encounter some problems however, in relation to a reference item which does not clearly or strictly speaking, refer to earlier or later items within the text nor to entities outside the text. Given the text, such an item appears to be understood or self-referential, given ones cultural knowledge or knowledge of the world. It is known as a homophora. Conjunctive Cohesion From a non-technical perspective, the term cohesion is occasionally understood in terms of the conjunctive linkages that a writer makes between the clauses of the text. We thus come to the third way, according to Halliday, through which cohesive djuncts, which consist of certain adverbial groups or prepositional phrases. The use of conjunctions to link clauses, or its lack, has a parallel in classical rhetoric with the concepts of polysyndeton and asyndeton. In polysyndeton, relatively many conjunctions are used to link clauses, but in asyndeton, conjunctions are avoided. Thus a link can be made between Hallidays approach to conjunctive cohesion and classical rhetoric, in the sense that polysyndetondepends quite a lot on conjunctive cohesion, but asyndeton avoids it. Like the tactic linkages between clauses within the entence in our study of clause complexing, the cohesive conjunctive linkages between clauses (which may extend beyond the sentence) can also be seen in terms of elaboration, extension, and enhancement. The conjunctive adjuncts which give rise to elaborationand extension are given in the first table below, whilst those which give rise to enhancement are given in the next table (adapted from section 9. 4 of the earlier editions of Hallidays Introduction; see also the slightly different tabulation in the third edition [section 9. ; pp. 542†3]). Like the table of modal adjuncts given n lecture notes no. 8, the lists of conjunctive adjuncts are not complete, nor are students expected to have a photographic knowledge of them in order to do stylistic analysis. It must also be noted that some of these adjuncts can also function as modal or circumstantial adjuncts, depending on the context in which they appear; some of the lexical item s given below, like actually, still, and yet, in fact appear in both the lists of modal and conjunctive adjuncts. In order to distinguish conjunctive adjuncts from the other types of adjuncts, you should keep the textual etafunction of conjunctive adjuncts uppermost in your minds: i. e. , is the primary purpose the linkage between one part of the text and another? DOMAIN TYPE MEANING EXAMPLES ELABORATION: Apposition expository that is (to say), in other words, I mean (to say), put it another way; exemplifying e. g. for instance, for example, thus, to illustrate; Clarification corrective rather or rather, at least, to be (more) precise; by the way by the way, incidentally; dismissive in any case in any case, anyway, leaving that aside; particularizing in particular in particular, more especially; esumptive to resume as I was saying, to resume, to get back to the point; summative in short briefly, to sum up, in conclusion; verifactive actually actually, in fact, as a matter of fact; EXTENSION: Addition positive and and, also, moreover, in addition, besides; negative nor nor; Adversative adversativ e but but, on the other hand, yet, however, conversely; Variation replacive instead instead, on the contrary except apart from that, except for that; alternative alternatively alternatively; DOMAIN ENHANCEMENT Spatio-temporal simple 1) following then, next, afterwards, first hen; 2) simultaneous just then, at the same time 3) preceding before that, hitherto, previously 4) conclusively in the end, finally; complex at once, thereupon, straightaway 2) interrupted soon, after a while; 3) repetitive next time, on another occasion 4) specific next day, an hour later, next morning; 5) durative meanwhile, all that time; 6) terminal until then, up to that point 7) punctiliar at this moment; simple internal next, secondly, my next point is, first ext; at this point, here, now; hitherto, up to now; 4) conclusive lastly, last of all, finally Comparative ikewise, similarly, in the same way; in a different way; expression of means in the same manner in the same manner; Causal-conditional causal: general therefore so, then, therefore, consequently, hence, because of that, for; causal: specific 1) result in consequence, as a result; 2) reason on account of this, for that/this reason; 3) purpose for that purpose, with this in mind/view conditional 1) positive then, in that case, in that event, under the circumstances; 2) negative otherwise, if not; yet, still, though, despite this/that, even so, all the same, nevertheless, however; Respective here ere, there, as to that, in this/that respect; as far as thats concerned; elsewhere in other respects, elsewhere; Lexical Cohesion To Halliday, lexical cohesion comes about through the selection of [lexical] items that are related in some way to those that have gone before (p. 310, 330). More specifically, lexical cohesion can be achieved through one of these means below. Do note that in the third edition of Introduction to Functional Grammar, Halliday and Mattthiessen divide up cohesion into paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations, with collocation being the only syntagmatic category, and synonymy treated eparately from hyponymy and meronymy, and not together under the more general category of synonymy (pp. 570†8). The choice is yours: you can either continue to treat hyponymy and meronymy as being generally connected to synonymy, or follow the newer configuration in the third edition of the book. 1. Repetition 2. Synonymy 3. Collocation. Repetition REPETITION, which involves the reiteration of a lexical item, is the simplest form of lexical cohesion. Hallidays example here is quite memorable: Algy met a bear. The bear was bulgy The lexical item which contributes to cohesion here is of course the word bear (not Algy and bulgy! ). Synonymy The next form of lexical cohesion involves the use of lexical items which are in some sense synonymous. The examples of SYNONYMY given by Halliday are the related words sound/noise and cavalry/horses in the shortened extract below: he was startled by a noise from behind him. It was the noise of trotting horses . The sound of the cavalry grew rapidly nearer Reference There may either be identity of reference or no identity of reference in Hallidays conception of synonymy as a contributing factor to lexical cohesion. Identity of In synonymy which involves identity of reference, we refer either to synonyms in the usual sense of the word, or to lexical items which are related in meaning to their referents by virtue of being at a higher level of generality. The usual sense of the word synonym should be clear to most of you. The word bachelor and the phrase single male, for example, are synonymous; so are the words leisurely and relaxed in He walked in a leisurely way and He walked in a relaxed way. Halliday also regards as synonymous meanings which are at a higher level of generality. A concept which is f a higher level of generality is also known as asuperordinate concept, whereas that which is at a lower level is known as a subordinate concept. We can see how these super- and sub-ordinate conceptsare related in Hallidays example of blackbirds †+ birds †+ creatures †+ they, which can be represented in the diagram below, As we can see, theyl is superordinate to creatures, which is in turn superordinate to birds, and which is finally superordinate to blackbirds. Any of thesesuperordinate concepts may be used to refer to blackbirds; each of them will be regarded as synonymous to blackbirds. In the analysis of lexical items which have identity of reference, the concept of synonymy, according to Halliday, can also apply to words which do not belong to the same word class, as in cheered and applause in Everyone cheered. The leader acknowledged the applause; and cried and tears in l wish I hadnt cried so much! I shall be punished for it by being drowned in my own tears! 2 No Identity of Reference In synonymy with no identity of reference, we refer either to hyponymy, where a cohesive relationship is established between a general (superordinate) concept and usually more than one) specific (or subordinate) concepts;3 or to meronymy, where a cohesive relationship is established between a concept and its parts. We are dealing with a hyponymous relationship when a cohesive linkage is established between trees and oak, pine, elm etc. s in fgure a) below; and with meronymy where there is a cohesive relationship established between trunk, branch, leaf etc and tree as in figure b) b elow: Hyponymy and meronymy are often regarded as figures of speech or tropes, where they are collectively classified under synecdoche, or more generally, nder metonymy. Antonymy In the analysis of synonymy, we finally have antonymy, where a cohesive semantic linkage is established between lexical items of opposite meanings. Collocation The final form of lexical cohesion is COLLOCATION. Halliday defines collocation as the tendency of certain lexical items to co-occur. Hallidays illustration ofcollocation through the example of the limerick A little fat man of Bombay is both typical and memorable: A little fat man of Bombay Was smoking one very hot day. But a bird called a snipe Flew away with his pipe, Which vexed the fat man of Bombay.

Strategic Management of Human Resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategic Management of Human Resources - Essay Example An important milestone in strategic human resource management has to involve proper integration of â€Å"strategies, people, processes and systems towards achieving the organisational desired goals† (Binder 2006, 12). Moreover, Shuck and Herd (2012) asserted the need for emotional intelligence as one of the leadership competencies in achieving employee engagement towards organisational goals by ensuring employee satisfaction and commitment. An important aspect in the implementation of organisational strategy is that employees need to understand not only how they impact the organisational strategy but also the progress of the organisation towards its goals (Grey, 2013). In other words, considering employees’ behaviours are shaped by organisational strategic policies, ensuring active participation of employees in designing policies as an engagement plan would motivate employees towards meeting the organisational goals as explained by the goal setting theory. Under the goa l setting theory, goals have been found to have a significant impact on employee behaviour and performance in organisations, and gaols setting is a credible way to ensure employee motivation as part of the engagement process (Locke & Lotham, 2002). Besides goal setting being a motivational factor, research has established significant relationships between â€Å"goal setting and organisational profitability† (Rauch 2007, 6).This theory might imply that the input of employees in the smoking ban policy in Grant Pharmaceuticals as a goal and policy would act as a motivation to employees. Employees will feel as part of the organisation and that their opinions in policy formulation counts, a strategic way to improve employee engagement in the organisation. For effective engagement in the company, all employees have to develop a perception of equality in the company. According to the equity theory, for people to be motivated towards productivity, there has